{"id":1001,"date":"2020-07-07T15:18:27","date_gmt":"2020-07-07T14:18:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/farmaciabottasso.com\/blog\/?p=1001"},"modified":"2020-07-07T15:36:58","modified_gmt":"2020-07-07T14:36:58","slug":"integratori-e-vitamine-nellinfanzia-vitamina-d-e-k","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/farmaciabottasso.com\/blog\/2020\/07\/07\/integratori-e-vitamine-nellinfanzia-vitamina-d-e-k\/","title":{"rendered":"Integratori e vitamine nell&#8217;infanzia: vitamina D e K"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Il termine vitamina D viene utilizzato indifferentemente per la vitamina D2 (ergocalciferolo presente nei vegetali e non sintetizzato dall\u2019uomo) e per la vitamina D3 (colecalciferolo di origine animale).<\/p>\n<p>La vitamina D \u00e8 un pro-ormone essenziale per il normale assorbimento del calcio.<\/p>\n<p>E\u2019 contenuta prevalentemente in alimenti come il salmone, le sardine, la carne e le uova e viene sintetizzata negli strati basali dell\u2019epidermide partendo dal 7-deidrocolesterolo sotto l\u2019influenza della luce solare.<\/p>\n<p>Ha diverse funzioni:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a livello intestinale: assorbimento di Calcio e di Ferro;<\/li>\n<li>a livello osseo: riassorbimento e remineralizzazione ossea;<\/li>\n<li>a livello della ghiandola mammaria: regolazione della concentrazione del calcio nel latte;<\/li>\n<li>a livello della placenta: mineralizzazione dello scheletro fetale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Una carenza di Vitamina D pu\u00f2 essere dovuta ad una diminuzione della sintesi causata da pigmentazione cutanea, agenti fisici bloccanti l\u2019esposizione solare (vestiti, creme, ospedalizzazione), fattori geografici e malassorbimento (dovuto ad esempio a celiachia, malattie infiammatorie croniche intestinali, fibrosi cistica).<\/p>\n<p>E\u2019 raccomandata la supplementazione con vitamina D nella donna in gravidanza e nella donna che allatta.<\/p>\n<p>In merito al neonato, la profilassi durante il primo anno di vita \u00e8 fondamentale per garantire uno stato vitaminico D adeguato e la prevenzione del rachitismo carenziale. La profilassi viene raccomandata in tutti i bambini indipendentemente dal tipo di allattamento, infatti il latte materno contiene quantit\u00e0 di vitamina D insufficienti. D\u2019altra parte anche la quantit\u00e0 di vitamina D assimilata con il latte artificiale (400 UI\/L) non basta. Per i bambini nati a termine la profilassi giornaliera appropriata consigliata per tutto il primo anno di vita \u00e8 di 400-800 UI, mentre aumenta nel bimbo nato prematuro.<\/p>\n<p>Nelle et\u00e0 pediatriche successive si raccomanda di valutare lo stile di vita dei bambini e adolescenti per evitare deficit da scarsa esposizione alla luce solare.<\/p>\n<p>La\u00a0vitamina K raggruppa diverse sostanze che partecipano all\u2019attivit\u00e0 di fattori della coagulazione.<br \/>\nNe esistono 2 forme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vitamina K1: presente nelle verdure tipo cavolo, spinaci, cavolfiori, broccoli<\/li>\n<li>vitamina K2:sintetizzata dalla flora intestinale a partire dal fillochinone alimentare (batteri intestinali). Sappiamo come la flora batterica dei nostri bambini sia variabilissima e cambi a seconda delle modalit\u00e0 di parto (cesareo o spontaneo) e a seconda delle modalit\u00e0 di allattamento (al seno o al biberon). Il neonato riceve una piccola quantit\u00e0 di vitamina K durante la gravidanza e quindi alla nascita c\u2019\u00e8 il rischio di malattia emorragica conseguente a un deficit di vitamina K, per questo si d\u00e0 una supplementazione a tutti i neonati (di solito con un\u2019iniezione).<br \/>\nLa\u00a0Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Neonatologia\u00a0ha deciso di consigliare la\u00a0vitamina K\u00a0per tutti i primi tre mesi di vita\u00a0perch\u00e9 esistono forme pi\u00f9 tardive di malattia emorragica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il termine vitamina D viene utilizzato indifferentemente per la vitamina D2 (ergocalciferolo presente nei vegetali e non sintetizzato dall\u2019uomo) e per la vitamina D3 (colecalciferolo di origine animale). La vitamina D \u00e8 un pro-ormone essenziale per il normale assorbimento del [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-infanzia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Integratori e vitamine nell&#039;infanzia: vitamina D e K - Farmacia Bottasso<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/farmaciabottasso.com\/blog\/2020\/07\/07\/integratori-e-vitamine-nellinfanzia-vitamina-d-e-k\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Integratori e vitamine nell&#039;infanzia: vitamina D e K - 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